Shock absorber



Dec. 16, 1930.

G. w. LAckmToN SHOCK ABSORBER Filed April 26, 1929 W\:| QN ll l I \N J U l ll INVENTOR. George 14 B/dCK/fltOfla A TTORNEY.

Patented Dec. 16, 1930 UNITED GEORGE w. BLAcKiNromor DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR fro CONTINENTAL orons CORPORATION, or nnmorr, MICHIGAN, a oonroaarron or VIRGINIA v a s ocKABsoRenn a xappucatib filed April 26; i This invention relates to shock absorbers of the hydraulic type and is particularly adapted for Qusein connection with motor vehicles. V, I a a At the present time'considerable difficulty is experienced with hydraulic shock absorbers owing to a tendencyfor the piston to accumu 7 late ,airl' Thus the oil becomes emulsified object of inventionto provide ainovel piston vent which will readily permit es-.

the same, tlme also prevent escape of 011 andair bubbles carried into the pressure cyl-i inder where they te'ndto accumulate'bene'ath,

the piston. V This excess air impairs efiicient operation of the shock absorber and it is an cape of air from the pressure cylinder and at through the vent. fA further important object of my invention resides in providing a piston vent of extremelysiniple construction 1'. f 20 capable of manufacture and assembly at very ;low cost as compared with other piston vents heretofore used.

a ef rr n to e a mr y i fa gs" which illustrate one embodiment offmy in- ,vention, 7 a ;F1g. 1 is a sectionalelevatlon view of my shockiabsorberfand so 4 t c Fig. 2is a 'top plan of the piston; In'the drawingsreferen cecharacterrA represents the shock absorber casing usually secured to the vehiCll axle; While the actuating arm' 10 isusuallyconnected' to move with.

"thea-Xl'e as will be readily understood The shock" absorber illustrated is of the one way qrype in which resistance to movementof arm) 10 is encountered in onlyfone dlrectlon correspending to'the vehicle rebound although my invention can be used to sure chamber formed by cylinder *13.-:IThe. "fluid is placed underpressurein cylinder 13' -by piston B. actuated by lever 14' moved with Jinde'r- 13;:on upward movement of piston B,

;theball check valve 1 6 admitting the fluid j from iport ;17. On the downward movement 7 equal advantage in Y the tw'o-way shockabsorbenu i 1!" 4:0

192?); ser al no. 358,134; is

relief depending on the desired characteris '7 tics ofresistancei Thus an'adju'stable seepage valve'18 may be 'provided in the wall of cylinder 13 and excess pressuremay be relieved, by sleeve valve 19 depressing spring'2O so as to pass fluidfromport 21through port 7 17. 'As stated before my invention is' notj dependent on any particular arrangement and constru'ctionof valve or valves.

a port-or passageway 23' extending there- The'piston Bha's a head-{ 22 Provided with :Beneath the piston head is a disc or washer25" "which covers theinnerterminus ofport 23 v s being held in s'uch position by spring 26 which constantly tends to urge the piston '13" and arm lO'j'upwardly. j The piston head 22' may 7 i V l i I in some instancesbebored out to PIOVldB' air trap '27 where it is desiredto trap a definite small quantity of air beneath the piston for facilitating the -free center? movement 5 of. the piston, any] excess air beingreadily vented past disc 25 and, upwardly through== port 23(11 have found that the disc 25 prevents escape. of oil from the cylinder 13 through port 23 although air accumulations will bejreadilyvented, the mere contact of disc 25, with port'23-not being suflicient a holdthe. air beneaththe-piStOn'. i

' i It has heretofore been proposed to vent, the pistonhead with a very small opening to permit. :air. escape without undue escape of Uoil butthis requires objectionable small drilling' which is very undesirable in quantity production, It hasalso been proposed to providea large piston vent and pro'vide a valve in the vent for controlling the air escape but here again suchfstructure is costlyandjnot susceptible to easy and cheap production. I have provideda piston which may have a relatively large diametervent 23, together [withtdi'sc 25 which merely seats against the vent opening to permit the escape of air at:-

cumulations and tofprevent escape of-"oil.

,. WhatI claim as my invention is: :f 1. A jshock' absorberlofthe hydraulic type comprising a casing having a pressure chamchamber;butypermittingescapeef air, accumulationsir-om. thelpres ur hambe vr. 2. A shock absorber of the hydraulic type comprising a casing having a pressuresbham her, a piston adapted to be actuatedby one of two relatively movable "parts; valve means controlling relief of pressuredeveloped in the'pressure chamber bymoyement of'the piston, said piston provided with a passageway the'rethioughfand means L'jheld; "immovable Y relatively to the piston-but movable there substantial escape of l quid thcrethrough .l' frjom'fthe pressure chamber but permitting fIescape-jof air accumulations from the presgenre chamberj with closing said passageway against the 3. A shocl; absorber offthe hydraulic type comprising aeasing having-a pressure cham-T ber, a 'pistonfl'iib qptd. 11) be actuated by one 7 of two relatively movable parts, valve means pcontrolling relief. of pressurejr develope'd in r I l o 0 r fplston, sa d p ston provided with a passageway;therethr0ugh5 and a discclosing said the: pressure chamber by movement of the 1 passageway against thesulbstantial escape of y ti'o'ns from the pressure chamber, V I n i. A shock absorber of'the hydraulic'type comprising a: casinghaving ajpressure cham -b er,'apiston adaptedto be actuated by one i r i control l1ng,rel1ef of pressure developed 1n liquidtherethrough' from the "pressure chain; berf 'but permitting escapeofair acou'mula otEjt-Wo relatively movable parts, valve means 7 the'pressure chamber by movement ofthe piston said pistonjprovided' with a passageway l therethrough,' and means engaging the head through ffrom'the pressure chamber but per- 1tt sca oia1r accumulations from the pressure chamber/1fi 0 5; A sh'o ck "absorber type I "comprisinmacasin havin aipressurecham-J' I .i Y .i v.

b p gz e to actuateclgby one; chamber, and as rmgMengagmg the-,dmcfor of two relatively movable parts, yalve means ofthe piston for closing said passageway against the-substantial escape of liquid there controlling reli'efof pressure developed in the therethrough, a'nd'meansywithinthe pressure I chamber clo'singfsaid pas ag w y in of two relativelyimjovable: parts, valve means fQ-Stibstaiitial escape of -liquid"itherethrough'; 60..

.:.escapeof air accumulations fromthepressuref V y 4 if i lthe ethrou h;meansengagin the head of V 6-.-Afshock absorber of the hydraulic type; I

y qmp lsm ca ae evinsfap fe se he .1 ber,"a pistonadapted to be actuated 'by one pressure c'hamberIby movement of the pietotal-said piston provided with a passageway;

chamber.

p es ure said piston i mi as-es ap b pa a a yieldinglyc Y closing'fsaid passageway:

of two relatively movable parts, valve means controlling relief. of pressure developed in the pressure chamber by movement of the piston, said piston provided with a passageway therethrough, and meansengaging the head ofthe piston andwithin the pressure cham- "ber closing said passageway against the substantial escape of liquid therethrough from the pressure chamber but permittingescape r aewmuletlqns f emzith Pressure chamber. a

715A shock absorber of the hydraulic type ;comprising a casing having a pressure cham ber, apiston adapted to be actuated by one o f t w o relatively movable p arts, valve means controlling relief Qfpressufre developedinthe pressure chamber fbylh'ovementofthe I piston,

said piston provided with a passageway therethrough, and means closing said passageway mittin {escape of air accumulations from the ha e f, at? Spr n h d n flsa ough iro fl l e pressur i ham u r F sea-way easing ean i rpes i n:

1 i szarshaer 'absorberf o'f the -hydrauli'c type mp -si g' i ng ving I pre r iichamber, piston adaptedto be actuated by one pf twovr relatively movable parts, valve means "controllingirelielf ofpressur'e'developed in the pressurechamber by'movement of the piston,

pended h a p ageway h i th ioughf means closing "said passageway against thelsu tanti alescape of liquid therethr ough froiifth e pressure chamber but perq air accumulations fromthe pressure chamber} and a holding said 7 closingmeans inposition'and also serving to urge the, ]g ist on in ,one directionof its'movem ent. v i i 9, A shock absorber of the hydraulic type' comprising a casing havingfafpressure chamber, 1 a piston adapted, to be I actuated' by one of two relativelymovable" parts, valvemeans pre surehamb ibx mov ihsfit, iQ IPBW p t 'pr ed-wi he'passa ewy' h through; a disc; fclosing (the passageway ainst thegsu t al aware of, liqe sifilsr through: from "the pressure, chamber-butpep mitting escaperof air accumulations from the controlling relief '7 ofsrpressure developed in from the: pressure chamber but permitting g ti P 3 h b hr movemenl'liof h P "ton, saidpistoiixprovidediwith a: passageway withifithe' p;ressure chamber egaiinst' the substante -reamed,

7 having a port therethrough and a disc engag- 1 ing the port and a piston actuating spring 1 seating the disc against the port. I

14. A shock absorber of the hydraulic type pressure chamber but permitting escape of air accumulations from the pressure chamber, and a spring within the pressure chamberengaging the passageway closing means.

11. A shock absorber of the hydraulic type 1 comprising a pressure chamber, a piston movable therein, valve means controlling relief of pressure develop'edby the piston, said piston having a port therethrough separate from the pressure relief means, and an element posi tioned across the port.

12. A shock absorber of the hydraulic type a comprising a pressure chamber, a piston movable therein, valve means controlling relief of" pressuredeveloped by the piston, said piston having a port therethrough, and a disc beneath the said port. V

13. A shock absorber of the hydraulic type comprising a pressure chamber, a piston movable therein valve means controlling relief of pressure developed by the piston, said'piston comprising a pressure chamber, a piston movable therein, valve means controlling relief of pressure developed by the piston, said piston provided with an air chamber on the inner side of the head of the piston, a port through the piston head adjacent said air chamber, and a disc closing said port against the substantial escape of oil therethrough.

15. A shock absorber of the hydraulic type comprising a pressure chamber, apiston movable therein valve means controllingrelief of pressure developed by the piston, said piston provided with an air chamberv on the inner side of the head of the piston, a port through the piston head adjacent said air chamber, and a disc closing said port against the substantial escape of oil therethrough, and a spring main taining the disc in position and also urging the piston in one direction of its movement.

In wtness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 24 day of April, 1929.

GEORGE w. BLACKI'NTON,

piston head in engagement with 

